外研版小学英语(三起)三年级下学期四种时态(含动词变化规则)知识与练习

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动词的第三人称单数（单三形式）、现在分词（动词-ing形式）、

过去式变化规则



动词的第三人称单数变化规则

1.一般直接在词尾加-s。如：help-helps know-knows get-gets read-reads 2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es。

如：guess-guesses fix-fixes teach-teaches wash-washes go-goes do-does 3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：carry-carries fly-flies 元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-s。如：play—plays say—says 4. be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is,（are是you“你”的单数），have的第三人称单数则为has。



动词的现在分词（动词的-ing形式）变化规则

1.一般情况直接加-ing。

如：look—looking go—going visit——visiting 2.以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加-ing。

如：come—coming make—making write—writing 3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再加-ing。 如：run-running stop-stopping get-getting swim-swimming 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的，直接加-ing。

如：study-studying carry-carrying fly-flying cry-crying 以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加-ing。

如：play-playing say-saying

5.以ie结尾的重读开音节动词，先变ie为y，再加ing。 如：die—dying tie—tying lie—lying



动词的过去式变化规则：

一、规则变化：

1.一般直接在动词后加-ed。

如：call-called open-opened look-looked want-wantedneed-needed 2.以不发音的字母“e”结尾的，直接加-d。

如：live—lived move—moved hope—hoped

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed。

如： study—studied cry—cried try—tried 以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加-ed。

如：play—played， enjoy—enjoyed

4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。

如：plan—planned fit—fitted stop—stopped

二、不规则变化（要特殊记忆）： 以下是一些常见的动词的过去式：am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,

go-went come-came have/has-had eat-ate, take-took run-ran put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept swim-swam sit-sat hear- heard sleep-slept let-let blow-blew hurt-hurt speak-spoke buy-bought keep-kept swim-swam eat-ate catch-caught know-knew stand-stood choose-chose lie-lay leave-left draw-drew teach–taught drink-drank make-made tell-told think-thought mean-meant feel-felt drive-drove meet-met write–wrote find-found fly-flew forget-forgot ring-rang see-saw ride-rode grow-grew sing-sang/sung begin-began learn-learned/learnt

附：名词复数变化规则 （比较动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则） 1.一般在名词后面加 “s”。如：pen-pens， sweet-sweets

2.以s， sh， ch， x或有些以o结尾的词加“es”。如：bus-buses box -boxes photo-photos zoo-zoos tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes 3.以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es。如family-families library -libraries 以元音字母＋y结尾的词，直接加s。如monkey-monkeys toy-toys


小学英语四种时态时间标志记忆口诀

1.一般现在时：“总经常有每没（美眉^^）复星周”

总：always（总是）， usually（通常）等 经常：often（常常）

有：sometimes （记住，“有”不是have，而是“有时”） 每：every week/month/year 等（每一个……） 没：never（从不）

复星周：on Mondays（在每一个星期一）on Tuesdays（在每个周二）等

2.一般过去时：“昨天上个XX（读作叉叉）前，in加年份when字连”

昨天：yesterday， 后面可以加morning， afternoon，evening等 上个：last，后面可以加week， month，year等

XX前：ago，前面可以加three weeks/months/years ago in加年份：in 2009/2008/1986/1220等

when字连：when（当……的时候）I was a child等， when字后面都是过去时，与其相连的另一个句子也要用一般过去时。

例如：When I was a child,I could(can的过去式)ride a bike. 可以说成：

I could(can的过去式)ride a bike when I was a child.

3.一般将来时：正好和一般过去时对应：“明天下个XX后”

明天：tomorrow，后面可以加morning， afternoon，evening 下个：next，后面可以加week，month，year等

XX后：after和in，后面可以加three weeks/months/years

这里要注意一下，after后加时间点才表示将来，如after 3 o‘clock 。加时间段表示过去，如after 2 hours 表示过去。in后加时间段表将来，如in two years。

4.现在进行时：“现在时刻看和听，最近在哪请安静。”

现在：now， at present， at the moment等 时刻：It’s ten o‘clock. I’m beating Xiaoqiang.

看和听：Look！ Listen！后面一般都用现在进行时。 最近：What are you doing recently/these days？

在哪：Where is Xiao Z？ Xiao Z is beating Xiaoqiang.

请安静：Be quiet！/Don‘t make any noise！/Stop making noise！Xiaoqiang is

sleeping.

EXERCISES用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. How old ___(be) he?

2. He often ___(play) chess with Tom. 3. They can ____(swim) now.

4. Lucy ___(visit) the zoo last week.

5. ____(do) Lily enjoy the trip last year? 6. What___(be) your favourite toy?

7. There ____(be) much water on the ground.

8. The workers __ _(be) _____(listen) to the manager.

9. Do you like_ _(play) football? 10. Why not_ _(take) a rest? 11.I____________(talk).You__________________(listen)to me now. 12. He______________(study) English very hard.

13. ----What are you doing?----I______________(do) my homework. 14. Today is a sunny day. We ________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 15. It ______ (be) there just now, but it isn’t there now.

16. Yang Ling ____ at home now. But she ____ at school yesterday.（be） 17. He __________ back a month ago. (come)

18.Now it’s a beautiful day.Let’s __________(go) to the park. 19.I want__________(drink)some colas,please.

20.Who can _____(help)the girl?She can’t_______(carry) everything. 21.In this photo,the ducks __________(eat)our picnic. 22.It __________(sunny)in Harbin tomorrow. 23.Look!It __________(rain) soon.

24. Let's go out.It__________ (not/rain)now.

EXERCISES根据所给单词或词组，连成符合时态要求的句子。he look out of the window



1.一般现在时： 2.现在进行时：

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