考研英语复杂句子的翻译方法

2022-10-21 20:42:26   第一文档网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ] [ 文档下载 ]

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考研英语复杂句子的翻译方法

无论是英译汉还是汉译英,都提出“忠实”、“通顺”为其基本标准,这是大家所公认的。虽然英译汉和汉译英都以“忠实”、“通顺”为其标准,但并不等于它们之间没有差异,更不等于它们没有各自的特点。

比如,字面和实质往往有很大的差距,“七嘴八舌”就不能译成“七张嘴八条舌头”,“寒暄”也不能译成“寒冷的谈话”,“干脆”也不宜译成“又干又脆”,“在朋友面前我只感到惭愧”(巴金《朋友》)也不宜说成“羞愧”(ashamed)实指“不好意思”(illatease) 下面,跨考教育孟老师详细为大家介绍如何进行长句的翻译,首先要进行断句,汉语的断句是个难点汉语是形散意连,断句不如英语那样严格。如何划分汉语的句界之间的关系,在很多情况下要取决于读者的语感和对语句的理解, 如:每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会经济文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。首先将这个中文句子划分成6个部分,请特别注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中间。 ①每一个人,②作为社会的一个成员,③有权享受 [④其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需] 社会经济文化权利,⑤这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,⑥并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

这样划分之后,可以初步决定,将第456部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3部分的最后一个单词rights Everyone

as a member of society

is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

which are realized through national effort and international cooperation which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

不过,英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此我临时决定,将第4部分改写成一个短语,将第56部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:

Everyone

as a member of society

is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

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凯程考研,为学员服务,为学生引路!



necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country. 最后,将这5个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。

Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

另提供一版本如下: Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

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