手机 低头族

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每天沉迷手机，知道这是什么病吗？

There is an enormous impact of the mobile phone on contemporary society from a social scientific perspective.

从社会科学角度来看，手机已经对当今社会产生了巨大的影响。

In the book Perpetual contact: mobile communication, private talk, public performance the author James E. Katz, PhD, writes: "Mobile phones have transformed social practices and changed the way we do business, yet surprisingly we have little perception on their effect in our lives."

著有《永恒的联系：移动通信、私人谈话、公开演出》一书的 James E. Katz 博士写到：“手机已经改变了社会实践，经商的方式，然而，我们却没有意识到它对生活产生的影响。”

Some people are replacing face-to-face conversations. Clinical psychologist Lisa Merlo says, "Some patients pretend to talk on the phone or fiddle with apps to avoid eye contact or other interactions at a party."

在这样的冲击下，一些人已经改变了面对面对话的习惯。临床心理学家 Lisa Merlo 称：“他们假装用手机聊天，或者摆弄各种APP，来避免和其他人的眼神交流，或者是在派对上的互动。

In a survey, More than 25% of respondents reported that they almost always use their smartphone while in a social setting such as during a meal or during a party. In addition, 58% said they use it usually or occasionally during these settings.

根据一项调查显示，超过25%的被调查者承认他们几乎总是在社交场合玩自己的智能手机，例如聚餐或派对。此外，58%的人则表示自己常常或偶尔这样。调查还显示:

·70% check their phones in the morning within just one hour of getting up ·70% 的人在早晨起床后一小时玩手机 ·56% check their phones before going to bed ·56% 的人在睡前玩手机



·51% constantly check their phones during vacation ·51% 的人在假期不断地玩手机

Mobile phone overuse 低头族

而那些沉迷手机不能自拔的人群，被称为低头族。

Mobile phone overuse is a dependence syndrome seen among certain mobile phone users. Some mobile phone users exhibit problematic behaviors related to substance use disorders. 低头族是指一些对手机有过分依赖的人。严肃地讲，他们常常表现出一定的物质使用障碍行为。 These behaviors can include preoccupation with mobile communication, excessive money or time spent on mobile phones, use of mobile phones in socially or physically inappropriate situations such as driving an automobile.




低头族的典型行为包括：对手机全神贯注，在手机上浪费大量时间或金钱，或者在不合适的社交或生理状况下使用手机，如开车玩手机。

Increased use can also lead to increased time on mobile communication, adverse effects on relationships, and anxiety if separated from a mobile phone or sufficient signal.

而沉迷于玩手机，会消耗大量时间在手机聊天上，从而对现实中的人际关系产生副作用。当低头族忘记拿手机或是没有信号时，他们会瞬间变得焦躁不安。 具体来说，一个拿不到手机的低头族的心理症状有这些：





Nomophobia 无手机恐惧症

这些症状则指向了低头族们共同患有的新型疾病，无手机恐惧症。

Nomophobia, an abbreviation for "no-mobile-phone phobia", was coined during a 2010 study by the UK Post Office.

无手机恐惧症，是“没有-手机-恐惧症”的缩写，2010 年由英国邮政局开展的研究所创造。 The study found that nearly 53% of mobile phone users in Britain tend to be anxious when they "lose their mobile phone, run out of battery, or have no network coverage".

该研究表明，在英国，有 53% 的手机用户会在失去手机，耗尽电量或没有网络覆盖的时候变得焦虑。 The study sampled 2,163 people. Fifty-five percent of those surveyed cited keeping in touch with friends or family as the main reason that they got anxious when they could not use their mobile phones.

该研究抽样调查了 2163 个人，55% 的被调查者认为，和朋友或家人保持联络是他们不能使用手机时焦虑的主要原因。

说了这么多，怎么改善低头族的症状呢？科学家表示：

It may be rather difficult to treat nomophobia directly, but more plausible to investigate, identify, and treat any underlying mental disorders if any exist.

直接治疗手机依赖是比较困难的，但探究，确认和治疗也许潜在的心理障碍则相对容易。 Cognitive behavioral therapy seems to be effective by reinforcing autonomous behavior independent from technological influences.

加强自觉性，主动脱离科技对自己带来的影响，是认知行为治疗法的一种有效手段。

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