初中英语语法总结一览表

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初中英语语法总结一览表



语法项目





表示经常性的 动作或状态



规则变化

不规则变化



He goes to school every day. I often have lunch at home. He wrote a letter yesterday. I studied hard last year. Are you going to read ? He is coming tomorrow . Tom is writing now .

They are lying on the bed .

动词用原形

一般现在时

三人称单数-s / es 动词用过去时

一般过去时

Bewas/ were be going toV

一般将来时

will / shall + V

Every often always on in一般-s es have----has 月、季、节、年。 音+y---ies

/In1998 一般/e 双写go-went come-came

/辅+y结尾-do-did leave-left ied



Go come leave stay fly等用进行表将来

ago/just now

表过去某个、段时间内

last/yesterday

动作及状态 在将来某个时间或 某段时要做的事

tomorrow / after

next / tonight in 2010

现在进行时 bedoing

listen look now

表此时此刻正进行的动

all the time Don’t…

作或状态

一般去e 双写 tie die lie +ing ieying



现在完成时 have / has +PP 发生在过去影响在现在

already just never ever

现在完成进行 have/has been+doing 的动作或状态等 was / were +doing

.过去进行时

多用于复合句中 had+动过去分词

过去完成时

多用于复合句中

at this time yesterday

表在过去某时间正在进

last Sunday evening

行的动作

by the time+过去时

该动作发生在过去的过

when after before



分词规则的同不规则的动词的过去分I have been teaching for 8 过去式是一样词需逐个记忆 years. He has slept for two days. 一般去e 双写 tie die lie +ing ieying 规则的分词构需要逐个记忆 成与过去时一详见不规则动词表 样的

He was reading at that time last Friday

We had learnt 2000 words by the end of last year.


语法项目



规则变化



不规则变化

He said that he would come here the next day . She is the tall in the two. He runs faster than Tom . She is the most beautiful in her class.(最高级加the)

would + V 原形

过去将来时

多用宾语从句中 比较级形式 --er 前加more 形容副词名词 名词比较用more 最高级形式 -est 前加most 形容副词名词 名词比较用most

过去看来将要发生的动

He said that he… the next day .

作或状态 表示两个人、物 之间进行比较时

than /much/ a little far / in the two

一般/e 双写good/well better /辅+y结尾- much/manymore ier

一般/e 双写bad/ill/badly-worst /辅+y结尾-far-farther-farthest iest

大于等于三个人、物之in the +比较范围 间进行比较 of the 具体的数字

动词不定式 作主语 作宾语 作宾补

to do没有人称To read is helpful for He wants to buy a I hear him sing yesterday 和数的变化 anybody now . dictionary. Tom told me to open it.

作表语 作状语

作定语

His job is to He’ll go to see a doctor

He has much homework

take care of tomorrow .

to do every day .

children .

状语从句 宾语从句 定语从句

主从复合句 句子作状语 (时间地点原因条件让步比较) 句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导词、客观事实) 句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词)

He was writing a letter when I came in He asked me if I had been to Beijing before. I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday 主动结构

被动结构



主动语态:主语(人、物)+ 谓语 + 宾语 We speak English . 动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者 主语 谓语 宾语 被动语态:主语(人、物)+be PP + by宾语 English is spoken by us 动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者 在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式 宾改主 谓语动词 be PP by

主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、主by宾,代

词变格要细心,谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被 PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表 被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)人称和数应随被动句的主语(amisarewaswere )


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