全日制硕士研究生论文文献标注格式

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附件2：

正文内文献引用的APA格式要求

（1）一件作品或多件作品的引用：

 It has been argued that teachers’ role is to provide the students with optimal conditions

which can facilitate learning so that students can achieve similar successful results (Bloom, 1976, pp. 12-16).

 Gagne (1977, pp. 38-41) also noticed that adult learners were less affected by external

instruction events.

 The advantage of the multiple regression analysis is that it cannot show the complex

interrelations between independent variables (Bryman & Crammer, 1990, pp. 135-139).  Studies of the good language learner (for example, Naiman, Frohlich, Stern, & Todesco,

1978, pp. 49-52) have tried to identify the strategies which successful learners use (first citation) (Ellis, 1994, p. 37).

 Naiman et al. (1978, pp. 49-52) found a similar relationship, although in this case ‘effort’ on

the part of the learners was also associated with instrumental motivation (subsequent citation) (Ellis, 1994, p. 512).（注意：跨页用pp.，单页用p.） （2）同一括号里多件作品的引用：

 Empirical studies on student learning carried out since the 70’s have found that students’

learning outcomes to a great extent depend on their choice of learning approaches (Biggs, 1979, 1987).

 The major finding from the earlier studies (Barley, 1969, 1970; Clement et al., 1978;

Gardner & Lambert, 1972; Gliksman, 1976; Spolsky, 1969) was that learners with an integrative motivation tended to obtain better achievement that those with an instrumental motivation.（注意引用作品的排序）

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附件3：参考文献APA格式要求

   

按先英文后中文排序；

字号比正文小一号打印；标点统一用半角状态；标点后统一空一格（汉语文献与英语文献类同，见下面示例）； 悬挂缩进；

书目格式按APA格式排列。注意：英文著作（未出版的硕博士论文除外）、期刊名（期刊论文不能用斜体）用斜体析出，不必用下划线析出；文献题名首字母大写（但英文期刊名首字母和实词都大写；冒号和破折号后面的首字母也要大写），其余小写（专有名词除外）；第二作者（包括第三、第四等）的姓名也按第一作者姓名排列析出（即姓+逗号+名）。文献不需编号、标识码；出版社、页码用全称；人名用简称。

现将主要参文献条目排列要求举例如下，以供参考： １．专著、论文集、学位论文、研究报告：

作者. （出版年）.文献题名(pp. 起止页码). 出版地: 出版者.如：

Dancygier, B. (1998). Conditionals and prediction: Time, knowledge, and causation in conditional constructions

(pp. 56-89). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Fauconnier, G., & Sweetser, E. (1996). Spaces, worlds, and grammar. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Iwanska, L. (1996). Toward a formal account of context-dependency and underspecificity of natural language. Paper given at AAAI Symposium on Computational Implicature. Berkeley: Berkeley Linguistics Society. Roulet, E. et al. (Eds.). (1985).L’articulation du discours en francais contemporain. Berne: Peter Lang.

Sweetser, E. (1996). Mental space and the grammar of conditional construction. In G. Fauconnier & E. Sweetser (Eds.). Space, worlds, and grammar (pp. 318-333). Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.

Welker, K. (1994). Plans in the common ground: Toward a generative account of implicature. Unpublished

Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University. ２．期刊文章：

作者. (出版年). 文献题名. 期刊名称, 期, 起止页码. 如： 徐盛桓. (2004a). 充分条件的语用嬗变. 外国语, 38 (3), 11-19.

徐盛桓. (2004b). 逻辑与实据—英语IF条件句研究的一种理论框架. 现代外语, 28 (4), 331-339.

Nelson, G. L. et al. (1996). Arabic and English compliment responses: Potential for pragmatic failure. Applied

Linguistics, 17 (4), 411-432. ３．报纸文章：

文献作者. (出版日期). 文献题名. 报纸名. 版次. 如：

谢希德. (1998). 创造学习的新思路. 人民日报. 12-25, 10.（这里表示12月25日第10版） ４．网上文献：

作者. (发表日期).文件名. 出版信息（如电子期刊名、或出版名称）. 登陆查看日期. 网址. McCracken,

E.

(1997).

Desiderata.

Bold

type

[On-line].

7

May,

1997.

Available:

http://www.bookwire.com/boldtpe/mccracken/read.article$197（注意：有两个时间，前者是作品发表时间，后者是参考者登陆时间。） Seaman, D. (Ed.). (n. d.). The electronic text center. Alderman Lib., U of Virginia [On-line]. 14 Feb. 1997. Available: http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/（n. d.表示no date，即时间不清） Coates, S. (1996). A dead language comes to life on the internet [On-line]. New York Times on the Web. 20. Apr.

1997. Available: http://www.nytimes.come/web/docsroot/library/cyber/week/1028Latin.html Pascal, B. (1910). Pensees. Trans. W. F. Trotter. [On-line]. 29 Apr. 1997. Available: gopher://gopher.vt.edu:

10010/02/130/1 Cacicedo, Al. (n. d.). Private parts: Preliminary notes for an essay on gender identity in Shakespeare. Working

paper. [On-line]. 27 Aug. 1997. Available: http://www.arts.ubc.ca/english/iemls/shak/private_parts.txt（这里

发表时间无，可省略）

5. 编著、译著、文学作品、字典及其他

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辞海. (1999). 上海: 上海辞书出版社.

多利莫尔. (2001). 莎士比亚：文化唯物主义与新历史主义. 王逢振. 2000年新译西方文论选 (pp. 237-238).

桂林: 漓江出版社.

莎士比亚. (1989). 莎士比亚全集. 朱生豪译. 北京: 人民文学出版社.

芝诺•科西多夫斯基. (1992). 新约的传说. 张会森译. 哈尔滨: 黑龙江人民出版社.



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