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英文学术论文写作 1 (标题)
一般来说,一篇完整规范的学术论文由以下各部分构成:
Title(标题),Abstract(摘要),Keywords(关键词),Table of contents(目录),Nomenclature(术语表),Introduction(引言),Method(方法),Results(结果),Discussion(讨论),Conclusion(结论),Acknowledgement(致谢),Reference(参考文献),Appendix(附录) 1、标题的写法
对论文题目的要求是:准确得体、简短精炼、外延和内涵恰如其分、醒目
1.1 标题的长度
大多为8—12个单词左右 1.2 标题的用词
用得最多的是名词(包括动名词)
除名词外,用得较多的是介词,有时使用形容词、冠词、连词、副词。 1.3 标题的结构
主要有三种结构:名词性词组(包括动名词),介词词组,名词词组+介词词组。 (1)名词性词组
名词性词组由名词及其修饰语构成。 例a. Severe Weather and the Automobile 例b. Soil Behavior and Critical Soil Mechanics
例c. High Speed Flow Sensor and Fluid Power Systems Modelling 例d. Traditional Versus Adult Studies Students: the College (2)介词词组
由介词十名词或名词词组构成
例a. On the Distribution of Sound in a Corridor
例b. On the Crushing Mechanism of Thin Walled Structures (3)名词/名词词组+介词词组
例Dietary Supplement and Body Image in Female College Students Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease in University Students Diversity in the Future Work Force Progress on Fuel Cell and Its Materials (4)其他形式
偶尔可用疑问句作为论文的标题,以点明整个论文讨论的焦点。例 a. Do Electromagnetic Fields Affect the Way Plants Grow?
b. Do Specific Ambient Odors Enhance Short Term Memory Function?
c.130 Heterotrophic Protozoa Release Major Quantities Of Dissolved Organic Phosphorous in Lake Water?
有的标题由两部分组成,用冒号(:)隔开。一般来说,冒号前面一部分是研究的对象、内容或课题,比较笼统,冒号后面具体说明研究重点或研究方法。这种结构可再分为三种模式。 模式1 研究课题:具体内容, 例
a. Microelectronic Assembly and Packaging Technology:Barriers and Needs b. Fire Resistant Steels for Construction:Design,Properties and Microchemistry c.Acoustics of Long Spaces Theory and Application d.Impact of Cancer:Coping Process and Quality of Life 模式2 研究课题:方法/性质, 例 a. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell:A Survey
b. Absorbable Implants in Finger Fractures. A Biomechanical and Comparative Study c. The Use of Technology in Higher Education Programs: a National Survey
d. Development of New Public Water Supply Well-fields Using Electromagnetic Conductance: Two Case Studies
模式 3 研究课题:问题焦点
a. Aluminum: Is It Hazardous to Your Health? b. Noise: Good? Bad? Maybe Both? c. Manure: Friend or Foe? 思考题
下面这写论文标题是否合适?如果不合适,请修改。 1. Auditory Perspectives of Different Types of Music 2. Electromagnetic Fields Have Harmful Effects on Humans 3. How to Use Water Resources for Irrigation in Semiarid Land
4. Water Quality Can Be Protected Through the Successful Integration of Research and Education 5. The Single Community Concept: A Model for Adult Environmental Education 6. Physics and Art: Conceptual Linkages Can Be Uncovered
7. Diamond Is Used for Electronic Devices
8. Yellow Fever's Effect on Transportation and Commerce
9. The Nature of Student Science Project Is Compared with Educational Goals for Science 10. A Qualitative / Quantitative Analysis of the Administrative Management Institute at Cornell University
11. The Americans With Disability Act and Its Applicability to the Mentally Ill, Human Immune-Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Populations: A Statistical Analysis
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