王蔷 英语教学法教程 第二版 Unit7

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第7章 Teaching grammar语法练习的活动会表述、设计

一、The importance、value of grammar in language learning

It is generally believed that grammar teaching is less important for children than for adults. Grammar teaching is less important in listening and reading than in writing, and can be seen in most formal classroom language teaching. But the importance of grammar cannot be denied. Grammatical competence is essential for communication and there is often an inadequate treatment of grammar in most communicative syllabuses resulting in lower level of accuracy than the cases under formal instruction. English grammar is the core of English language. Without grammar English language cannot be well constructed. However, it should be noted that learning grammar itself is not the ultimate goal of learning English. It is natural that Chinese grammar in the minds of Chinese students, and it's not easy to take in the grammar of a foreign language. But this difficulty must be overcome. If you cannot solve this difficulty, the foreign language you write, though it may be understandable, will be Chinese style English. 二、Grammar presentation 如何教语法 3+4 1. The deductive method:

The deductive method relies on reasoning, analysing and comparing. First, the teacher writes an example on the board. Then the teacher explains the underlying rules. The explanations are often done in the student’s native language. Finally, the students practise applying the rule to produce sentences with given prompts.

(1) Advantages: good for selected and motivate students; save time to explain complex rules; increase students’ confidence in examination

(2) Disadvantages: grammar is taught isolatedly; little attention is paid to meaning; the practice is often mechanical

2. The inductive method: 能自己说出步骤 书上

The teacher provides learners with authentic language data and induces the learners to realize grammar rules without any form of explicit explanation.

(1) Advantages: students will become evident to the grammar rules if they are given enough appropriate examples. This is especially true with grammatical regularities which are easily understood and applied. Inspire students’ thinking activities; motivate students’ learning interests; grammar is taught in context.

(2) Disadvantages: the presentation of grammar is more complex and time consumption is huge; grammar is not taught directly; some rules can’t be induced easily.

3. The guided discovery method: 能自己说出步骤 书上

It is similar to the inductive method in that the students are induced to discover rules by themselves but different in that the process of the discovery is carefully guided and assisted by the teacher and the rules are then elicited and taught explicitly.

4. Some new approaches to teaching grammar:

①Collocational: It means that the grammar should be built on collocational relations between individual lexical items and their subcategories.

②Constructive: It means that one’s knowledge of grammar is built bit by bit, which closely models the way language is learned and used.

③Contextual: It means that elements and structures are taught in relation to their context. Syntactic and lexical choices are explicitly related to pragmatic ones, and to social and cultural contexts.

④Contrastive: It means that grammar involves drawing the learner’s attention to contrast the differences between the target language and other language.

三、Factors contribute to successful practice 6个因素 (因素，准则，原则可作为措施的要点答题) ①Pre-learning:


②Volume and repetition: ③Success-orientation: ④Heterogeneity: ⑤Teacher assistance: ⑥Interest:

四、评述语法教学方法 P115

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