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人类非物质文化遗产代表作：西安鼓乐
Xi’an wind and percussion ensemble
Xi’an wind and percussion ensemble, which has been played for more than a millennium in China’s ancient capital of Xi’an, in Shaanxi Province, is a type of music integrating drums and wind instruments, sometimes with a male chorus.
西安管乐和打击乐合奏在中国古都陕西西安已经演奏了一千多年，是一种集鼓和管乐器于一体的音乐，有时还有男声合唱。
The content of the verses is mostly related to local life and religious belief and the music is mainly played on religious occasions such as temple fairs or funerals. The music can be divided into two categories, ‘sitting music’ and ‘walking music’, with the latter also including the singing of the chorus.
内容大多与当地生活和宗教信仰有关，音乐主要在宗教场合演奏，如庙会或葬礼。演奏形式可分为两类，“坐乐”和“行乐”，后者还包括合唱。
Marching drum music used to be performed on the emperor’s trips, but has now become the province of farmers and is played only in open fields in the countryside. The drum music band is composed of thirty to fifty members, including peasants, teachers, retired workers, students and others. The music has been transmitted from generation to generation through a strict master-apprentice mechanism.
鼓乐过去是在皇帝旅行时演奏的，但现在已经成为农民的领地，只在农村的田野里演奏。鼓乐队由30到50名成员组成，包括农民、教师、退休工人、学生和其他人。音乐通过严格的师徒机制代代相传。
Scores of the music are recorded using an ancient notation system dating from
the Tang and Song dynasties (seventh to thirteenth centuries). Approximately three thousand musical pieces are documented and about one hundred fifty volumes of handwritten scores are preserved and still in use. The ensemble was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2009.
许多音乐都是用唐宋时期(七到十三世纪)的古老记谱法记录的。大约有3000首乐曲被记录下来，大约150卷手写乐谱被保存下来并仍在使用。鼓乐于2009年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录
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2022-08-09
