冠词和代词

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冠词和代词 由and连接的单数名词用复数

Their food and clothes are better than they used to be. 冠词

由or/nor连接时，代词与后的名册/代词在性和数上一致 不定冠词

Neither the boy nor his sister got what she 表示“一个、每个”或泛

我的 你他（她、它）我们你们他们wanted. 指某人/物，也可表示类

词义 的 的 的 的 的 Either Xiao Ming or his brothers study 别

类型 harder than they did before. 表示单位数量及职业身

your his, her, its our your their 形容词性my 指代由every/each修饰的由and连接的单份

物主代词 数名词时，用单数代词 与某些有具体意义的抽

yours their 名词性物mine your his, hers, its ours Each student and teacher got the reference 象名词连用，使其变为

主代词 book he wanted to borrow.

具体概念



用在序数词前，表示“又一、再一”



用在风雨或某些专有名词前表示某个叫（象）…的人/一张（个/种）



的画/曲子/神态 在习惯用法中 定冠词 特指；用在独一无二的事物名词前；再次提到某人/物时 形容词性物主代词的句法作用: 定语、动名词复合结构中作逻辑主在整个民族、阶级、阶层、家族前 语 用在具有限定性定语修饰的名词前 Her pronunciations is excellent. 在专有名词前（国家、党派、集团、场所、山脉、河流、地区、城A person should wash his hands before he eats. 市、沙漠、报刊杂志、方位等） There is no use in my learning it. 在名词化的形容词和动名词前 Do you still remember his coming to the evening party? 当一个专有名词有限定性定语修饰时，加定冠词/不定冠词 名词性物主代词的句法作用: 主语、宾语、表语

Ours is a great socialist country. 乐器名称前

I left my dictionary at home. May I use yours? 当谓语动词表示接触到人/动物的身体的某一部分时，表示该部分

This desk is neither yours nor mine. 的名词前家定冠词

在习惯用法中

单数 复数 零位冠词

数 专有名词前；非特指的物质名词/抽象名词前；非特指的学科、语

人称 言、餐名前；球类、棋类运动前

myself ourselves 第一人称 有指示代词修饰时

yourself yourselves 第二人称 在习惯用法中

herself, themselves 第三人称 用与不用冠词意义不同和冠词位置

itself 物质名词加冠词变为个体名词

1. 反身代词的句法作用: 宾语、表语、同位语 词组中有无冠词意义不同

You can see yourself in the mirror. 形容词最高级前不用冠词，意为“十分”

He is not quite himself today. 感叹句中冠词在what之后

I myself repair the machine. Such/so, too, as, how, however

在both, all, half, twice, double, x times之后

指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词 Many a/an后接单数名词，表示许多

单数 复数 代词

this these 人称、物主、反身代词

that those 人第一人第二人称 第三人称

such (the) same

称 称

指示代词的句法作用: 主语、宾语、表语、定语 数 单复单复单数 复

This may be considered as the result of corrosion.

与 数 数 数 数 阳阴中数 He is not a guest and must not be treated as such.

性 性 性 The case with him is always the same.

性

This generator supplies power for electric motors.

格

that指上文讲的事，this指下文讲的事

we you you he she it they 主I I had a bad cold. That is why I didn’t attend the meeting.

格 This is what he said : “How could he do such a foolish thing?” 宾me us you you him her it they 格

1. 人称代词的句法作用： 主语、宾语、表语 宾格 所有格 备注 She likes to read a thriller. 格 We boys never wanted to be cowards. 数 Her father is very fond of her. each 单数 each 一般说来，指两They picked him and her to represent the school in the Musical other’s 复数 other 个人/物， Festival. one one 指两个以上的Oh, it’s you. another another’s 人/物 I took him to be her.

相互代词的句法作用: 宾语、定语

人称代词的指代：

They’ll hurt each other if we don’t stop them fighting.

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They often ask about each other’s studies.

格 主格 宾格 所有格

指人/物

指人

who whom whose 指物

what -- 指人/物

which -- 疑问代词的句法作用: 主语、宾语、表语、定语 Who made the world’s first compass? What are you doing now? I don’t know what his view is. Which class are you in? 不定代词

类别 词义 复合形式 some 一些、某些 something, somebody, any 一些、任何 someone

anything, anybody, anyone

many, 许多 much few, little 很少，没有 a few, a 几个 little 几个（有点） both 两者都 all 全体都 each 各，每一个 everything every 每一个，所everybody, everyone

有的

one 某个 other 别的，其他 another 的

另一个

either 两者之一 neither 两者都不 none 没有人/物 nothing, nobody no 没有，无

no one

Geology is the science of the earth ____ whole.

A) a B) as a C) is a D) it is a Do you think Janet enjoys ______.

A) to play piano B) playing the piano

C) to play the piano D) playing with the piano

Yesterday I borrowed ____ book from the library. ___ book is about science.

A) the/the/the B) that/a/the C) a/the/x D) a/the/the

___ lion is a dangerous animal.

A) an B) these C) some D) a ___ lion is the king of beasts.

A) some B) any C) an D) the

___ earth makes one revolution round ___ sun in about 166 days A) the/a B) an/a C) the/the D) x/x ___ good and ____ beautiful do not always go together. A) the/the B) a/a/ C) the/x D) x/x It was ___ story that we nearly fell asleep.

A) such long B) a long such C) a so long D) so long a

He devoted his whole life to ____ building of socialism. A) the B) x C) a D) a lot She was asked ___ to sing a song.

A) second time B) time second C) second a time D) a second time

___ nearer the planet is , ___ bigger it looks;.

A) the/the B) x/the C) the/x D) x/x

My brother is good at playing ___ chess.

A) x B) this C) these D) the

With John and ____ helping him, Mr. Fisher began to build a stone wall around the garden.

A) I B) my C) me D) mine I had a walk for a while ___ after supper.

A) my own B) by himself C) by myself D) by alone Neither your answer nor ____ is right.

A) my B) mine C) he’s D) him

Each student should have ____ schedule signed by the department chairman.

A) their B) his C) its D) our ____ is a great Party, a glorious Party, a correct Party.

A) we have B) our C) ours D) we our England is proud of ___ navy.

A) his B) their C) him D) her

There is still some paper on my desk. You may take all of ___. A) it B) them C) which D) one You may leave the experiment to ___.

A) we three B) three of we C) us three D)three us The committee was unable to agree on a policy, and so ___ decided to meet again next month.

A) he B) they C) it D) she

Nothing is accomplished by hurting people’s feelings; therefore, if you want to help someone, be careful to deal with ____. A) that B) him C) them D) it

___ had taken them much less time to cross the channel than it would if they had gone by boat.

A) that B) what C) it D) this

If we finish all of our business as planned, ___ will leave for New York on Monday morning.

A) you and me B) I and you C) Helen and I D) she and you

It’s difficult to classify mathematics as simply an art or a science, because ___ contains elements of both.

A) they B) it C) those D) what They all went to see the exhibition except ____.

A) he and I B) him and I C) him and me D) I and him

Here is a picture of John, a good friend of ___ , which was taken at the beach last summer.

A) his and mine B) him and me C) his and my D) you and me

The primary responsibility is managing a dormitory rests with students___.

A) By itself B) my itself C) themselves D) theirs We are all the students of ___ , of that man standing over there. A) Him B) his C) he D) one

Precisely the same thought sent the three of us in 2 different directions, ___.

A) They to San Francisco and I to New York B) them to San Francisco and I to New York

C) them to San Francisco and me to New York D) them for San Francisco and me for New York “May I speak to Peggy?” “This is ___ speaking.”

A) She B) her C) him D) hers The atmosphere of the earth is much denser than ____.

A) the moon B) that of the moon C) that of the moon’s atmosphere D) which of the moon ____ seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist thinks and acts.

A) that B) this C) what D) these

Realizing that all ___ cases are approximations, however, does not lessen their predicative usefulness in actual situations. A) such B) that C) same D) this

Vacuum rubes take up a lot of space. And the radio could not work

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without these tubes. ___ is why vacuum tube radios have to be so big. other A) those B) thus C) that D) this In some languages we find words or expression and even grammatical ___ a change is called a chemical change. forms which are used only by men and _____ used only by women. A) that B) such C) these D) same A) the other B) some other C) others D) another The culture and customs of America are more like ___ of England than There are lots of high-rise apartments on _____ of the street. of any other country A) that B) what C) which A) every sides B) both side C) either sides D) D) those each side The telephone rang. She said, “is ____ you?” I said “White speaking.” The man over there is _____ our principal. “___ is Sarah. Didn’t you get my message? ” she said. A) no other but B) no other than C) no one than D) A) that/that B) this/this C) that /this D) this none other than /that If one does not have respect for himself, ____ cannot expect others to The mass of a body remains ____, no mater where it is. respect him. A) the same B) same C) this D) like such A) one B) his C) you D) we The just struggle of the people of all countries support ____> Please take ___ with you.

A) one another B) each one other C) one after another A) this all B) them all C) all them D) all it D) another one The sleeves of your coat are a little longer than ___. A) mine B) my coat C) that of mine D) those of mine Mary asked ___ had come first in the speech contest. A) that B) whom C) which D) who _____is your intention. A) those B) thus C) such D) same The sun is a hot burning star giving out bright light, and ____ is true of other stars. A) the same B) these C) he D) thus ___ do you think is the best student in your class? A) who B) whom C) what D) of whom ____ of the whaling ships sail from Norway, which is famous for its sailors. A) much B) that C) few D) many All electromagnetic waves travel with the speed of light, but ___ have different frequencies. A) that B) all C) both D) few “Shall I connect the copper wire to the negative pole or the positive?” “____ please.” A) yes B) no C) both D) every You must wait ____ time.

A) a little B) little C) dew D) a few

Much of the traffic which passes through the ancient gateways has not changed____.

A) many B) much C) fewer D) larger Why don’t you ask _____ to help you?

A) somebody B) everybody C) another body D) onebody

Did you see Jack and John? --- no, I saw ___ of them.

A) either B) both C) each D) neither ____ object that we see and feel possesses heat energy A) all B) every C) both D) none I have checked your answers and ____ of them are correct.

A) none B) every C) each D) much A rocket is like a tube of fuel closed at one end and open at ____..

A) one other B) each end C) the other D) other

I have classes ____ day, Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays

A) each other B) every other C) this and the other D) all other

I don’t have ____ definite plans about the research work

A) some B) certain C) a few D) any Some day these small cars will take the place of today’s big___. A) car B) those cars C) ones D) one

A good writer is ____ who can express the common place in an uncommon way.

A) that B) he C) one D) this I don’t like these books, I like _____>

A) some others B) another C) some other D) the

The President in Am is elected _____every 4 years. A) every B) every other C) each D) about Most forms of matter can be changed from one state to _____. A) either B) other C) another D) any Lu Xun made greater contribution to the revolution than ____ writer of his day. A) any of the B) some C) any other D) some of the 3 students, also from this country, ____ receive a scholarship. A) every B) each C) either D) them three He was among ___ who wanted to quit smoking instead of cutting down. A) the few B) the little C) the same D) this Keys: (1--10) B B C D D C A D A D A A C C B B C D A C C B C C B C A C B C A B D A C B D C A A D D C A A D B C A B A D B A C B D C C A C D D A B A C C B A 3

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